How is information represented in the brain? Classically, neuroscience has emphasized the importance of individual neurons, and the strength of connections between them, when explaining sensorimotor and cognitive processes. However the rise of population-level neural recording techniques has seen a competing dogma break into discussion in neuroscience. De-emphasizing the specific connections between neurons and brain regions, this view instead focuses on how neural populations serve as a “space” across which sensations and experiences can be distributed as a representation. In this seminar we will discuss how theories about representations can be appropriately applied in modern neuroscience research.