Through evolution, natural selection allows species to adapt to their changing environment. The accompanying changes to an organism’s biology can often be thought of as solutions to challenges they face in their niche. The brain is one such biological structure, however the problem it evolved to solve is not immediately apparent. In this seminar we will explore whether brains evolved to facilitate movement, prediction, or something else, and whether a unifying theory on the matter is even justified. Additionally, we will explore how strategic use of diverse animal models may help us untangle these questions.